Grandmothers: central scaffolding sources impacting maternal and infant feeding practices in Colombia

A growing body of evidence highlights that maternal and child nutrition programmes need to extend beyond the mother–child dyad by adopting a family systems approach, particularly in the Global South. Guided by a sociocultural and community psychology understanding of health, the paper explores factors identifying grandmothers as central resources for nutrition programmes. The study was conducted in a Colombian urban periphery applying a qualitative longitudinal design (prenatal and postpartum). It is based on interviews with adolescent mothers and mothers in their 20s (n = 35 at T1; n = 21 at T2), grandmothers (n = 15 at T1; n = 12 at T2) and community/public stakeholders (n = 17). Many of the participants live in low-income households headed by grandmothers, who adjust feeding practices to the extent of their economic capacity. Findings reveal grandmothers play a central role in decision-making and in enabling a holistic support system for the dyad. This is defined as grandmothers' scaffolding; it covers nutrition advice, breastfeeding and infant feeding, cultural practices, caregiving and maternal mental health. The study helps build the evidence-base for the transferability of a family systems approach to Global South regions by using sociocultural and community psychology concepts to fortify the rationale for including grandmothers in maternal and child nutrition programmes. It argues for the need to continue raising the visibility of key actors like grandmothers and for nutrition programmes to align themselves more flexibly with the needs of families experiencing poverty

Forgiveness as a vehicle to improve wellbeing in post-conflict Colombia

Practising forgiveness contributes to developing personal skills and opens up horizons for the youth in a post-conflict scenario and the programme ES.PE.RE has had a positive impact on the mental health of their participants in a country where the offer of these services is scarce, write Sandra Jovchelovitch (LSE), María Cecilia Dedios (LSE) and Natalia Concha (LSE)

El perdón como vehículo para mejorar el bienestar en la Colombia del posconflicto

La práctica del perdón contribuye al desarrollo de habilidades personales y abre horizontes a los jóvenes en un escenario de posconflicto. El programa ES.PE.RE ha tenido un impacto positivo en la salud mental de sus participantes en un país donde la oferta de estos servicios es escasa, escriben Sandra Jovchelovitch (LSE), María Cecilia Dedios (LSE) and Natalia Concha (LSE)

A situational syllabus proposal, based on CLT principles, to activate vocabulary.

The following research project is a qualitative action research that emerged after a series of observations made in an EFL first grade class at a private school in Fontibón, Bogota. Bearing in mind the situations, procedures and activities that took place into this context, it was possible to identify some obstacles that were making the vocabulary activation and the interaction promotion difficult and interrupted processes. As an intervention plan, a Situational Syllabus Wilkins (1972), based on the main Communicative Language Teaching Principles Richards (2006), was designed and implemented to cover the units of the fourth school term. Its objective was to provide the learning experience with contextualized situations and interactive activities that encouraged the students to be active participants and users of the target vocabulary in order to activate prior knowledge, exchange information and understand English language as a way to perceive the world

Significados de ciudadanía en las narrativas de cinco jóvenes víctimas del acto terrorista llevado a cabo el 15 de noviembre de 2003 en la Zona Rosa de Bogotá

Psicólogo (a)Pregrad

Tumor Escape Phenotype in Bladder Cancer Is Associated with Loss of HLA Class I Expression, T-Cell Exclusion and Stromal Changes

Cancer eradication and clinical outcome of immunotherapy depend on tumor cell immunogenicity, including HLA class I (HLA-I) and PD-L1 expression on malignant cells, and on the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment, such as tumor immune infiltration and stromal reaction. Loss of tumor HLA-I is a common mechanism of immune escape from cytotoxic T lymphocytes and is linked to cancer progression and resistance to immunotherapy with the inhibitors of PD-L1/PD-1 signaling. Here we observed that HLA-I loss in bladder tumors is associated with T cell exclusion and tumor encapsulation with stromal elements rich in FAP-positive cells. In addition, PD-L1 upregulation in HLA-I negative tumors demonstrated a correlation with high tumor grade and worse overall- and cancer-specific survival of the patients. These changes define common immuno-morphological signatures compatible with cancer immune escape and acquired resistance to therapeutic interventions across different types of malignancy. They also may contribute to the search of new targets for cancer treatment, such as FAP-expressing cancer-associated fibroblasts, in refractory bladder tumors.ISCIII Research Institute co-financed by the European Union (FED-ER-Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional) (RETIC RD 06/020, RD09/0076/00165PI14/01978, PI16/00752, Q2827015E, PI17/00197, PT17/0015/0041) and by the Junta de Andalucía in Spain (Groups CTS-143, CTS-695, CTS3952, CVI-4740).AbbottSpanish Research Institute IDI-URO, Madri

A situational syllabus proposal, based on CLT principles, to activate vocabulary.

The following research project is a qualitative action research that emerged after a series of observations made in an EFL first grade class at a private school in Fontibón, Bogota. Bearing in mind the situations, procedures and activities that took place into this context, it was possible to identify some obstacles that were making the vocabulary activation and the interaction promotion difficult and interrupted processes. As an intervention plan, a Situational Syllabus Wilkins (1972), based on the main Communicative Language Teaching Principles Richards (2006), was designed and implemented to cover the units of the fourth school term. Its objective was to provide the learning experience with contextualized situations and interactive activities that encouraged the students to be active participants and users of the target vocabulary in order to activate prior knowledge, exchange information and understand English language as a way to perceive the world

Efecto del contexto informativo en la respuesta hipoalgésica al dolor experimental en sujetos sanos voluntarios durante la aplicación de la corriente interferencial

Tesis (Kinesiólogo)En kinesiología, la evidencia experimental sugiere que las expectativas positivas de alivio del dolor son un factor importante en el éxito del tratamiento con electro-analgesia. La inclusión de contextos informativos contiene palabras asociadas a efectos positivos de las intervenciones terapéuticas comúnmente aplicadas en fisioterapia podría activar expectativas favorables de alivio del dolor. Nuestro objetivo será determinar el impacto del contexto informativo sobre la respuesta hipoalgésica a la corriente interferencial en sujetos sanos bajo una condición de dolor experimental mecánico. Se realizó un diseño de tipo Crossover con orden de secuencia aleatorizada. La secuencia de asignación para las tres condiciones (contexto positivo, negativo y neutro) fue aleatoria utilizando una tabla de números aleatorios. Se evaluaron 40 individuos sanos que recibieron 3 sesiones de intervención con Corriente interferencial. Las mediciones incluyeron umbral de dolor por presión, el cual se evaluó mediante un algómetro; Intensidad de dolor, que se evaluó con escala numérica (PI-NRS) y expectativas de beneficio terapéutico se evaluó mediante el cuestionario de credibilidad y expectativas (CEQ). Se obtuvo una diferencia de 4.12 puntos en el análisis intra-condiciones para la variable expectativas beneficio con una significancia estadística de p=0.00 para el contexto positivo. En el análisis entre-condiciones, los contexto positivo y negativo en la variable umbral del dolor por presión, hubo una diferencia de 1.44 (Kg/cm²/s) que es estadísticamente significativo en un p=0.01. En el cálculo de la significancia clínica en el análisis intra-condiciones, la condición positiva para la variable umbral de dolor por presión logra una magnitud efecto moderado (d:0.404); para la variable de expectativa de beneficio terapéutico obtuvo una magnitud efecto alto (d:0.884). En los contexto negativo y neutral las variables expectativas de beneficio terapéutico logran una magnitud efecto moderado (d:0.539 y 0.594). En el análisis entre-condiciones la variable expectativa beneficio terapéutico se obtiene una magnitud efecto moderada para las condiciones positiva y negativa. Los resultados de esta investigación demuestran que el contexto informativo utilizado al aplicar una intervención es capaz de promover distintas respuestas. Se concluye que la aplicación de corriente interferencial en un contexto informativo asociado a expectativas positivas produce un aumento de los umbrales de dolor por presión, al compararlo con la misma intervención aplicada en un contexto informativo asociado a expectativas neutrales o negativas

Plan de mejoramiento para los procesos de evaluación de desempeño y capacitación de los funcionarios administrativos de la secretaría de educación municipal de Pasto.

Imágenes, gráficas, diagramas, encuestasDeficiencias en los procesos de evaluación y desempeño y capacitación de los funcionarios administrativos de la secretaria de educación municipal de Pasto.Deficiencies in the evaluation process and performance and training of administrative officials of municipal education secretary Past